ファイナンス 2017年7月号 Vol.53 No.4

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And I think, over the last couple of years, we’ve had incidents in the political system that have been somewhat shocking to the estab-lished order. And that is causing a significant amount of soul searching on whether there is something fundamentally problematic.My own view is that the state of humankind today is actually very good. Better than it's ever been in the course of human history. And it’s important to think about that reality, whether you look at poverty rates, the avail-ability of very high quality healthcare, the healthy state of humans in general, and the conveniences that we have in living our daily lives today in the world. All of these things are tremendously attractive relative to points in history. And we achieved them, the world achieved them, through a process of techno-logical innovation and globalization, which has yielded tremendous benets.But also, what we’re seeing in recent times, obviously, is the fact that some people feel left behind by these very valuable forces of tech-nology development and globalization and the established political order has not adequately appreciated that. And so, again, I see it as the human state today is very good but we have to appreciate the fact that there is some dissatis-faction among some disenfranchised elements of our society as technological advancement has continued very rapidly. And so we need to think more holistically about what kind of ap-proaches can we take in the world. This re-quires a completely evolutionary set of thinking processes.And one of the relevant issues is that estab-lished social democracies with well-developed democratic processes have a tendency to yield governments which get too big. And which be-gin to syphon too much resource out of the economic system for themselves and also for vested interests that gure out how to take ad-vantage of the political system to serve their own vested interests. So, my view is that we need to think about more radical approaches. For instance, universal basic income is, per-sonally I believe, something that the world should be contemplating as we go forward.And the reason for that is that the world is getting to be very wealthy, very advanced in terms of conveniences, but also, we’re spending a lot of money and we’re very inecient trying to recycle it and it’s obvious from these recent events that the beneficiaries of that recycling don’t feel that it’s fair. So, it’s not only ineffi-cient but the beneficiaries largely feel that it’s unfair. I think that there’s a point in time when we have to recognize that the world has be-come so good, so advanced and so fundamen-tally wealthy that every person living in the world should have a basic right to a basic level of income and not have to rely on hand-outs from the government beyond the basic income to have a satisfactory lifestyle. And this has been contemplated in certain countries, but has not yet been adopted. It’s obviously a very rad-ical approach because any change to govern-ment entitlement structures leaves some vested interests losing. So, this is a big challenge.▶Mr. Kanda：　Thank you very much for your very insightful idea, which I take it as a rather cautious optimism. I agree with you that, while preserving the technological inno-vation and globalization, which has been quite beneficial to human welfare, we should and can address the emerging problem resulting from them by providing the people left behind the opportunities to benet from them, though the suggested concept of universal basic in-come has serious problems and seems very dif-cult to implement.This transformation has inuenced the nan-cial sector greatly as well. On the one hand, political instability and policy unpredictability are part of the most serious problems for the risks perceived by financial markets. On the other hand, the nancial sector has been rec-ognized as one of the causes and solutions of these risks. For instance, the greedy culture of ファイナンス　2017.735超有識者場外ヒアリング64連 載｜超有識者場外ヒアリング